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China

Surprising momentum but meagre outcomes from the G7

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French President Emmanuel Macron shakes hands with US President Donald Trump during a joint press conference at the end of the G7 summit in Biarritz, France, 26 August 2019 (Photo: Reuters/Philippe Wojazer).

Author: Yves Tiberghien, UBC

Following last year’s acrimony at the G7 in Canada and great US–China drama last Friday, the worst was expected in Biarritz, France. Surprisingly, this long G7 summit — a full three days — ended well. The tweets from US President Donald Trump following the summit have all been positive, including personal praise for each G7 leader and a pinned tweet thanking France.

French President Emmanuel Macron managed to elevate the agenda to include key global issues by inviting a large number of guests and even engineering the surprise visit of Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif to Biarritz. Macron had announced that there would be no communique, but the G7 leaders did manage to issue a one-page declaration. The press conference between Macron and Trump was an intense show revealing both competition but also mutual respect and positive energy between the two leaders. As noted by Alan Alexandroff, there was evidence of some counter leadership in the global order to balance Trump-instigated disorder.

Clearly, the leaders at the summit have been useful in providing new information and a sense of balance to Trump. They may have somewhat neutralised the barrage of angry decisions on China from last Friday. The events also created new openings and positive momentum on the Iran file, the World Trade Organization (WTO), China, and climate and biodiversity. Markets and policy analysts around the world are breathing a sigh of relief this week.

There are some important takeaways from the G7 summit both globally and specifically for Asia, though the full consequences remain to be seen.

The outcome of ‘lengthy discussions’ on Sunday in relation to China can be seen as a success. Trump was delivered a balanced perspective from all six leaders and the EU President who expressed support for the aim of having China reform its mercantilist practices but also great concerns about Trump’s use of tariffs. There was consensus among these leaders for joint action readjusting the interface of China with the global economy while preventing the collapse of both the global economy and global institutions.

The message seems to have inspired Trump to return to a hopeful message. The G7 declaration includes a joint commitment ‘to eliminate unfair trade practices’ and also a commitment to the WTO.

Despite the momentum garnered by the G7, it did not produce any structural changes of significance. Notably, the US–China trade war guns remain arrayed and loaded, with ticking deadlines leading to a dramatic December denouement. It would now take active political capital by either or both the United States and China to withdraw such guns.

Chad Bown concludes his analysis of tit for tat tariffs with these pithy words: ‘The purpose and next steps in Trump’s trade war remain unknown. The economic significance of these next tariffs in the offing are not.’ Indeed, should they stay in place, the uncoupling of US and Chinese economies and the unravelling of globalisation may well start fully in December.

A further development for Asia has been the bilateral meeting between Trump and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, announcing a forthcoming trade deal to be tentatively signed in late September. Details available so far indicate that the United States would gain TPP-level access to agriculture exports to Japan (especially beef and pork), competing with Australia and Canada. The United States would retain auto tariffs with Japan but promise not to raise them to 25 per cent as threatened by Trump last year.

Trump also declared that Japan would buy all the unsold corn that China stops buying, although it is hard to see how the structurally stable Japanese corn consumption could possibly accommodate such an increase. Abe looked very embarrassed when Trump announced that.

Abe received no support in the G7 for his acute sense of continuing threat from North Korea casting Japanese doubts on G7 effectiveness in addressing East Asian issues. On the other hand, the G7 did come together with a 25-word sentence on Hong Kong, warning against violence.

The visit by Iran’s Foreign Minister (approved by Trump in his meeting with Macron) and joint declarations by France and the United States have opened up a little space for a possible yet improbable meeting between Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Trump in the future. This comes amid France and other G7 members making efforts to convince the United States to relax secondary oil sanctions and give negotiations a chance.

The summit also produced a truce…

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Q1 2024 Brief on Transfer Pricing in Asia

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Indonesia’s Ministry of Finance released Regulation No. 172 of 2023 on transfer pricing, consolidating various guidelines. The Directorate General of Taxes focuses on compliance, expanded arm’s length principle, and substance checks. Singapore’s Budget 2024 addresses economic challenges, operational costs, and sustainability, implementing global tax reforms like the Income Inclusion Rule and Domestic Top-up Tax.


Indonesia’s Ministry of Finance (MoF) has released Regulation No. 172 of 2023 (“PMK-172”), which prevails as a unified transfer pricing guideline. PMK-172 consolidates various transfer pricing matters that were previously covered under separate regulations, including the application of the arm’s length principle, transfer pricing documentation requirements, transfer pricing adjustments, Mutual Agreement Procedure (“MAP”), and Advance Pricing Agreements (“APA”).

The Indonesian Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) has continued to focus on compliance with the ex-ante principle, the expanded scope of transactions subject to the arm’s length principle, and the reinforcement of substance checks as part of the preliminary stage, indicating the DGT’s expectation of meticulous and well-supported transfer pricing analyses conducted by taxpayers.

In conclusion, PMK-172 reflects the Indonesian government’s commitment to addressing some of the most controversial transfer pricing issues and promoting clarity and certainty. While it brings new opportunities, it also presents challenges. Taxpayers are strongly advised to evaluate the implications of these new guidelines on their businesses in Indonesia to navigate this transformative regulatory landscape successfully.

In a significant move to bolster economic resilience and sustainability, Singapore’s Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Finance, Mr. Lawrence Wong, unveiled the ambitious Singapore Budget 2024 on February 16, 2024. Amidst global economic fluctuations and a pressing climate crisis, the Budget strategically addresses the dual challenges of rising operational costs and the imperative for sustainable development, marking a pivotal step towards fortifying Singapore’s position as a competitive and green economy.

In anticipation of global tax reforms, Singapore’s proactive steps to implement the Income Inclusion Rule (IIR) and Domestic Top-up Tax (DTT) under the BEPS 2.0 framework demonstrate a forward-looking approach to ensure tax compliance and fairness. These measures reaffirm Singapore’s commitment to international tax standards while safeguarding its economic interests.

Transfer pricing highlights from the Singapore Budget 2024 include:

This article is republished from China Briefing. Read the rest of the original article.

China Briefing is written and produced by Dezan Shira & Associates. The practice assists foreign investors into China and has done since 1992 through offices in Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian, Qingdao, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong. Please contact the firm for assistance in China at china@dezshira.com.

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New Report from Dezan Shira & Associates: China Takes the Lead in Emerging Asia Manufacturing Index 2024

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China has been the world’s largest manufacturer for 14 years, producing one-third of global manufacturing output. In the Emerging Asia Manufacturing Index 2024, China ranks highest among eight emerging countries in the region. Challenges for these countries include global demand disparities affecting industrial output and export orders.


Known as the “World’s Factory”, China has held the title of the world’s largest manufacturer for 14 consecutive years, starting from 2010. Its factories churn out approximately one-third of the global manufacturing output, a testament to its industrial might and capacity.

China’s dominant role as the world’s sole manufacturing power is reaffirmed in Dezan Shira & Associates’ Emerging Asia Manufacturing Index 2024 report (“EAMI 2024”), in which China secures the top spot among eight emerging countries in the Asia-Pacific region. The other seven economies are India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and Bangladesh.

The EAMI 2024 aims to assess the potential of these eight economies, navigate the risks, and pinpoint specific factors affecting the manufacturing landscape.

In this article, we delve into the key findings of the EAMI 2024 report and navigate China’s advantages and disadvantages in the manufacturing sector, placing them within the Asia-Pacific comparative context.

Emerging Asia countries face various challenges, especially in the current phase of increased volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA). One notable challenge is the impact of global demand disparities on the manufacturing sector, affecting industrial output and export orders.

This article is republished from China Briefing. Read the rest of the original article.

China Briefing is written and produced by Dezan Shira & Associates. The practice assists foreign investors into China and has done since 1992 through offices in Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian, Qingdao, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong. Please contact the firm for assistance in China at china@dezshira.com.

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Is journalist Vicky Xu preparing to return to China?

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Chinese social media influencers have recently claimed that prominent Chinese-born Australian journalist Vicky Xu had posted a message saying she planned to return to China.

There is no evidence for this. The source did not provide evidence to support the claim, and Xu herself later confirmed to AFCL that she has no such plans.

Currently working as an analyst at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, or ASPI, Xu has previously written for both the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, or ABC, and The New York Times.

A Chinese language netizen on X initially claimed on March 31 that the changing geopolitical relations between Sydney and Beijing had caused Xu to become an expendable asset and that she had posted a message expressing a strong desire to return to China. An illegible, blurred photo of the supposed message accompanied the post. 

This claim was retweeted by a widely followed influencer on the popular Chinese social media site Weibo one day later, who additionally commented that Xu was a “traitor” who had been abandoned by Australian media. 

Rumors surfaced on X and Weibo at the end of March that Vicky Xu – a Chinese-born Australian journalist who exposed forced labor in Xinjiang – was returning to China after becoming an “outcast” in Australia. (Screenshots / X & Weibo)

Following the publication of an ASPI article in 2021 which exposed forced labor conditions in Xinjiang co-authored by Xu, the journalist was labeled “morally bankrupt” and “anti-China” by the Chinese state owned media outlet Global Times and subjected to an influx of threatening messages and digital abuse, eventually forcing her to temporarily close several of her social media accounts.

AFCL found that neither Xu’s active X nor LinkedIn account has any mention of her supposed return to China, and received the following response from Xu herself about the rumor:

“I can confirm that I don’t have plans to go back to China. I think if I do go back I’ll most definitely be detained or imprisoned – so the only career I’ll be having is probably going to be prison labor or something like that, which wouldn’t be ideal.”

Neither a keyword search nor reverse image search on the photo attached to the original X post turned up any text from Xu supporting the netizens’ claims.

Translated by Shen Ke. Edited by Shen Ke and Malcolm Foster.

Asia Fact Check Lab (AFCL) was established to counter disinformation in today’s complex media environment. We publish fact-checks, media-watches and in-depth reports that aim to sharpen and deepen our readers’ understanding of current affairs and public issues. If you like our content, you can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram and X.

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